The smooth functioning of a machine requires that all of its components are working properly and that they are all correctly connected and the interconnectivity is comprehended. The "machinery of a bank” is no different to ensure that it is “in motion".

The Board set the course and the Management work in the engine-room to ensure that machinery is working correctly. There are 10 basic components of this machine. Each can be thought of as a lever that needs to be monitored with a signal so that when appropriate the lever can be moved to ensure forward motion.

The signals are designed to indicate when to

• Stop and think very carefully, or
• Take heed of warnings or
• Go forward with confidence.

The 10 levers - "the machinery of a bank in motion" - "the principles of banking" 

• Outside influences 

• Governance

• Strategy

• Organisation structure

• Businesses

• Risk

• Balance sheet management

• Technology, processes, operations, information

• Human endeavour

• Performance measurement